Methodological model for the construction and validation of data collection instruments: application to research on solid waste in the university environment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64041/riidg.v5i3.72Palavras-chave:
content validity, instrument construction, solid waste, recycling, environmental impact, Higher educationResumo
The construction and validation of data collection instruments is a fundamental process to ensure the quality and reliability of research in social and environmental sciences. This study aimed to develop a methodological model for the construction and validation of a questionnaire designed to evaluate solid waste management through recycling and its environmental impact at the University of Guayaquil. An instrumental and cross-sectional design was followed, organized in five sequential phases: conceptual and operational definition of variables, item construction, content validity evaluation through expert judgment, pilot application, and definitive validation. This article reports the results of the first three phases. Five expert judges in environmental management, research methodology, and psychometrics participated, evaluating the clarity, coherence, and relevance of the 20 items of the questionnaire, structured in two variables and eight dimensions. The results show adequate content validity, with Aiken's V coefficients above 0.80 in all items and criteria evaluated. The recycling culture dimension obtained the highest scores (0.95), while recycling infrastructure presented the lowest (0.83), although still within the acceptable threshold. Minor adjustments were made to five items to improve their clarity. It is concluded that the instrument has initial evidence of content validity that supports its application in future validation phases. It is recommended to continue with the pilot application and definitive validation to evaluate construct validity and reliability of the instrument, as well as to conduct cross-cultural studies that allow its adaptation to other university contexts.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Marjorie Elizabeth Ordoñez Guartazaca, José Alberto Díaz Montenegro, Yoslany Herrera Avila, Lovato Torres
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